Jeff's Review for APUSH Period 2

 

 

 

 

Roanoke: The Lost colony, led by Walter Raleigh. First settlement in North America, but it wasn't permanent. Virginia Dare was also born (First American!)

 

Why did Europeans Explore?

- wanted to find minerals and codfish

- wanted shortcut to china

- gain knowledge and food from natives

 

England: Unique because their colonies have both men AND women.

 

Virginia Company: Sponsored trips to NA, forming

Jamestown: The first permanent English settlement. Powhatan formed an Algonquian alliance to help them live

 

England had a Christian Duty, which meant that most of the time they sent missionaries to create a protestant base in the Americas

 

Tobacco: led to less reliance on Native Americans (since they can cash crop now).

It was a way to make more money

And led to mass immigration from England

And this directly caused the slave trade (cotton didn't cause it)

 

 

Separatists and Pilgrims though the church of England was corrupt, and that they needed to break away to create a new religion.

This led to the Mayflower compact (new government) and Plymouth.

Their whole life revolves around religion. They survived because Squanto teaches them.

 

 

Puritans are prosecuted in England, because they want to change the England church (purify). England was overcrowded.

They got a charter from the Massachusetts Bay Company and were led by John Winthrope.

 

Roger Williams wants more religious freedom, so he runs to Rhode Island to create another settlement.

 

Maryland is a Propiretary colony (granted large amounts of land to private owners). They also had the Headright system (land granted based on number of people in family)

Maryland was successful because of tobacco and agriculture and slavery.

 

 

There are 2 kinds of slaves: Africans and Indentured servitude.

 

Africans worked with other servants. They were treated better because they were more expensive

Indentured servants: worked for a set number of years to pay off the debt of traveling to America. (even though most died in 3 years)

Indentured servants outnumbered Africans by 5 times.

 

King Philip's war and Pequot war: examples of conflict in the northern colonies between natives and settlers.

 

Bacons Rebellion: Nathaniel Bacon forms militia and attacks Indian villages and the royal governor.

Caused by corruption in government and being poor, and having bad  economy

Consequences: Slave owners give slaves less freedom

 

 

France???

France had Quebec, Montreal, and the Louisiana purchase area.

They had a fur trade to the natives, and had great relationships with t them.

 

Spain???

Spain got their asses kicked the Pueblo Indians in the Pueblo Revolt.

This caused them to stop exploration in NA

 

 

Glorious Revolution:

It changed the government in England, which also changed the government in America, leading people having more powerful.

 

 

Plantation world:

Institution of slavery: The middle passage was the transit of slaves from Africa to America (triangle trade)

Olaudah Equiano: described this in his book.

Slavery increased dramatically with the institution of slavery.

 

Stono Rebellion: was a slave rebellion, it was caused by the Spanish promising freedom for slaves who escaped to Florida

 

Colonial life in 1700s:

People were poor, but had decent lives

The economy was getting wealthier due to slaves and plantations

The wealthy lives in plantations in Virginia and Carolinas

 

Cons:

Salem witch trials (mass hysteria)

Sexism against women

Danger of Indian raids and slave revolts

Wars in EU led to wars in NA

 

 

Differences between colonies:

Northern Colonies:

Little religious freedom, trash farmland, relied on fishing, lots of education, little disease

 

Middle Colonies:

Most religious freedom, very good farmland (bread colonies), some education

 

Southern Colonies:

Some religious freedom, good farmland for plantations, lots of disease, no education